Passage 1:
There are three separate
sources of hazard in the (1)______ of supplying energy by nuclear power. First,
the (2)______material must travel from its place of manufacture to the power
station. Although the power stations themselves
are solidly built, the containers used for the transport of the materials are (3)_________
. There are normally only two methods of transport (4) _______ namely road or
rail. Unfortunately, both of these (5)________ close contact with the general
public since the (6)________ are sure to pass near or even through, heavily
(7)________ areas. Second, there is the problem of waste. All nuclear power
stations produce wastes that in most cases will (8) ________ radioactive for
thousands of years. It is impossible to (9)________ these wastes no
radioactive, and so they must be (10) _________ in one of the inconvenient ways
that scientists have invented. For examples, they may be buried under the
ground, or dropped into abandoned mines or sunk in the sea. However, these
methods do not solve the problem, since an earthquake could easily (11)
_________ the containers open. Third, there is the problem of accidental (12) _________ due to a leak or an
explosion at the power station. As with the other two, this is not very likely,
so it does not provide a serious objection (13) _________ the nuclear program.
Nevertheless, it can happen. Separately, these three types of risks are a great
cause for (14) ________ . Taken together, though, the (15) ________ of disaster
is extremely high.
1. process - 2.
radioactive - 3. not - 4. available - 5. involve - 6. routes - 7. populated -
8. remain - 9. make - 10. placed - 11. crack - 12. exposure - 13. to - 14.
concern - 15. probability
Passage 2:
The use of computers has
meant students can study language program (1)__________ their own speed when
and for how long they went – and no need to (2) _________ about the teacher
having a favorite or doing (3) _________
another boring lesson. What’s (4) ________ in the virtual classrooms of
the future the student will (5) ________ on their headset and be transported
into an imaginary school, choose their class, take the hooks they need off the
shelf and (6)________ conversations with other computerized students. They
might (7)________ choose to pay a visit to the supermarket or the train
station, the bank or the restaurant. At the(8) ________ of a button they would
be transported to (9) ________ realistic settings where they could practice
their English, maybe getting a hand (10) _______ a virtual English companion.
All this, perhaps, at the computer from the corner of their home: no (11) _______
to catch the bus to college, or a plane to England. Exciting? Certainly, and
an interesting (12) ________ to traditional classroom lessons. But would it
ever (13)_________ the classroom? Hopefully not. (14) _________, the need to
relate to real people talking about real issues and generally learning a little
more about others will always lead language learners to (15) ________ at least
a little of their time with real people.
1. at - 2. worry - 3. yet - 4. more - 5. put - 6. do -
7. preferably - 8. hit - 9. such - 10. from - 11. need - 12. alternative - 13.
replace - 14. Surely - 15. spend
Passage 3:
George Smith is 40 years old.
He has worked is a factory (1) __________ 30 years. One day he is told that a
new machine has been installed which does his job (2) _________. He is no
longer needed. So he has to leave his job – he is made (3) __________ George
has done his (4) _________ to look for a new job but he keeps getting the same
answer “ No (5) ________”. There are no jobs suitable (6) _________ him within
reasonable traveling distance of his home. At his local Jobcentre he is given a
piece of paper to (7) _________ to the Unemployment Benefit Office. There he is
given a card which tells him the day and time each fortnight he must “sign on”.
This means he signs a register stating that he is (8) _________ . His
unemployment benefit is sent to him by post every week that he signs on. He
(9)_________ the cheque at a post office or bank. If his unemployment benefit
is not enough to live (10) ___________ , George can go to the Social Security
Office: he may be able to get extra help from there. (11)__________ some weeks
of unemployment, the Jobcentre tells George about a possible vacancy. The only
problem is that if George gets the job,
he will have to move to another part of Britain. He is writing to (12)
_________ house but first he has to go for (13) _________ with his prospective
employer. It costs money to travel and to move house.
George sees some pamphlets in his Jobcentre.
They give him information about help with interview expenses. He also reads
about grants and allowances (14) _________ if he does have to move to another
part of the country. George is (15)
__________ the job at the interview, but he may not be able to take it because
the cost of housing in the area is too high.
1. for - 2. automatically - 3. redundant - 4. best -
5. vacancies - 6. for - 7. take - 8. unemployed - 9. cashes - 10. on - 11.
After - 12. move - 13. an interview - 14. available - 15. offered
Passage 4:
There are millions of people
today who are able and (1)__________ to work but unemployed. In this time of
high unemployment, putting job satisfaction before job security is a luxury
most people can’t (2)________ . For example, a friend of mine gave (3) _______
a secure secretarial job to find work that was more rewarding and exciting.
That was five years ago. She is still not employed (4) ________ . If she wanted
to return to her old job, she would no longer be (5) __________ since the
company now (6) ________ computer skills. She risked job security to look for
more interesting work, and she lost. She’s not only having a hard time
(7)_________ ends meet, but she also has none of the ordinary job (8)
_________, such as medical insurance or pension plan. I know someone else who
is working for a small company doing administrative work. A few years ago, she
was very (9) __________ to change careers and
look for different job. (10) _________, she decided instead to look for
ways to change her job, she asked her supervisor for more (11) _________ in
areas that interested her. Her supervisor agreed, and today she is very happy
in her work. She chose to try to alter her job so that it becomes more
(12)__________ to her instead of looking for other work. I believe that it’s
(13)_________ these days for people to look for challenges and changes within
their present job (14) __________ than trying to find different work and (15)
_________ not having a job at all. There is a need in all of us to feel and be
secure, and having and keeping a job is one very important aspect of personal
security.
1. eager - 2. afford - 3. up - 4. full-time - 5.
qualified - 6. requires - 7. making - 8. benefits - 9. tempted - 10. however -
11. changes - 12. challenging - 13. wiser - 14. rather - 15. risk
Passage 5:
Some years ago, my daughter
was studying English at a university on the south. One evening she phoned to
tell me that what she really wanted to do was (1) ___________ round the world,
so she was looking (2) ___________ the possibility of working in another
country. She had seen several (3) _________ in the newspaper for student
teachers of English abroad, and she was (4) __________ in one in Italy, which
she was desperate to visit. She decided that this would be a good (5)
__________ to achieve her ambition, so she was writing to (6)__________ for the
job. The reply (7) _________ a long time to arrive, but eventually she received
a letter asking if she (8) __________ go for an interview in London the following week. She was so excited
that she immediately (9) ___________ in touch with the school owner and agreed
to attend the interview. She was determined that nothing would prevent her (10 ____________
doing what she had set out to do. A (11) _____________ days before the
interview she had a very strange dream in which she (12) _____________ birth to
a beautiful baby. She was a little nervous and (13) _________ and about the
dream and phoned to ask me what I thought it might (14) __________. As I knew
something about dreams, I was able to assure her that it only symbolized her
(15) ______________ to do well in the interview.
1. travel - 2. into - 3. advertisements - 4.
interested - 5. way - 6. apply - 7. took - 8. would - 9. got - 10. from - 11.
few - 12. gave - 13. worried - 14. mean - 15. desire
Passage 6:
When I was sixteen I
(1)_________school and went to work in a butcher’s shop. The manager was a
young man, only a few years older (2)_________me, and he was very ambitious,
also, he was a bit dishonest. When customers asked (3)________the best steak he
would sell them poor-quality beef. He used to do this to young housewives, who
if the meat (4)________ tough, blamed themselves for not cooking it properly.
Sometimes, he did not give the (5)________change and the customers did not
notice. One day, just before Christmas, we decided to close early because we
(6)________ sold all our meat, except for one small turkey. As I was (7)_________to
lock the door, a woman rushed in and said that she really had (8)_________have
a ten-pound turkey. The manager said he (9)________get another one and went to
the back of the shop with the turkey. I knew we did not have (10)__________
more, so I followed him to see (11)_____________he was going to do. He pulled
and stretched the turkey to (12)___________ it look bigger and then went back
(13)____________said, “ Here (14)_____________ are, madam. Here is a bigger
one.” “Yes, “she said, “ but not (15)___________bigger. I’ll take both of
them.”
1. left - 2. than - 3. for - 4. was - 5. correct - 6.
had - 7. going - 8. to - 9. would - 10. any - 11. what - 12. make - 13. and -
14. we - 15. much
Passage 7:
Elizabeth Blackwell was born
in England in 1821, and
(1)_________ to New York City
when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a
doctor. That was nearly (2)________ for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth
century. After writing many letters seeking (3)_________ to medical schools,
she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia.
So she determined was she, that she taught school and gave music lessons to earn
money for her (4)__________. In 1849, after (5)__________ from medical school,
she decided to further her education in Paris.
She wanted to be a surgeon, but a serious eye infection forced her to
(6)_______ the idea. (7)___________ returning to the United States, she found it
difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth
and her sister, also a doctor, along with another female doctor, managed to
open a new hospital, the first for woman and children. (8)___________ being the
first female physician and (9)___________ her own hospital, she also
(10)____________ the first medical school for women.
1. emigrated - 2. impossible - 3. admission - 4.
tuition - 5. graduation - 6. abandon - 7. upon - 8. Besides - 9. founding - 10.
completed
Passage 8:
The food we eat seems to have
profound (1)________ on our heath. Although science has made enormous (2)_________
in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit
to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of human illnesses
are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as
(3)_________, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more prone
to (4)_________ certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in
these cultures. (5)_________ food is related to illness is not a new discovery.
In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates and nitrites, commonly
used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, (6)________ cancer.
Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more
difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of
processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all
so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and poultry, and because of
this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows. Sometimes similar
drugs are (7)________ to animals not for medicinal purposes, but for financial
(8)___________. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to
(9)__________ a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the
(10)_________ continue.
1. Effects - 2. steps - 3. well - 4. contract - 5.
That - 6. caused - 7. administered - 8. reasons - 9. obtain - 10. practices